YAG Laser Iridotomy

WHAT IS YAG LASER IRIDOTOMY

YAG Laser Iridotomy is a non-surgical, outpatient laser procedure used to prevent or treat angle-closure glaucoma. In this condition, fluid inside the eye cannot drain properly because the drainage angle is too narrow or blocked. This can cause a sudden or gradual rise in eye pressure that may permanently damage the optic nerve and lead to vision loss.

Using a precise medical laser, the ophthalmologist creates a tiny opening in the outer edge of the colored part of the eye (iris). This opening allows fluid to flow more freely inside the eye, helping equalize pressure and reduce the risk of dangerous pressure spikes.

WHO MAY NEED THIS PROCEDURE

YAG Laser Iridotomy is commonly recommended for patients with:

1. Narrow or occludable drainage angles

2. Angle-closure glaucoma or angle-closure suspect findings

3. A history of angle-closure attack in one eye (to protect the other eye)

4. Intermittent angle closure with pressure spikes

5. Pupillary block mechanism confirmed on examination

Your ophthalmologist determines the need based on gonioscopy, eye pressure measurement, and optic nerve evaluation.

HOW THE PROCEDURE IS DONE

YAG Laser Iridotomy is performed in the clinic and usually takes only a few minutes.

1. Numbing eye drops are applied for comfort.

2. A special contact lens is placed on the eye to focus the laser.

3. The laser creates a very small opening in the iris.

4. Eye pressure is checked after the procedure.

Most patients remain awake and comfortable throughout. No stitches or surgical incisions are required.

EXPECTED BENEFITS

The goal of YAG Laser Iridotomy is pressure control and risk reduction, not vision correction.

Expected benefits include:

1. Improved internal fluid flow inside the eye

2. Reduced risk of acute angle-closure attack

3. Lower chance of sudden dangerous eye pressure rise

4. Protection of the optic nerve from pressure damage

Results depend on the patient’s eye anatomy and underlying condition.

COMMON TEMPORARY EFFECTS

Some short-term effects may occur and usually resolve with treatment:

1. Mild eye redness or irritation

2. Light sensitivity

3. Brief blurred vision

4. Mild headache or brow ache

5. Small floating spots from released pigment

Medicated eye drops are typically prescribed after the procedure.

IMPORTANT LIMITATIONS AND RISKS

While generally safe and evidence-based, YAG Laser Iridotomy has known medical risks and limitations. These may include temporary pressure elevation, inflammation, bleeding at the laser site, glare from the opening, or the need for repeat treatment if the opening closes. Some patients may still require long-term glaucoma monitoring, eye drops, or additional procedures.

POST-PROCEDURE CARE

Patients are usually able to go home shortly after treatment.

1. Use prescribed eye drops exactly as directed.

2. Attend scheduled follow-up visits for pressure checks.

3. Report severe pain, marked vision loss, or persistent redness immediately.

This service is performed only after a complete ophthalmic evaluation and when medically indicated. It is intended to reduce glaucoma risk and preserve long-term eye health.