Bevacizumab (AVASTIN) Anti-VEGF Intravitreal Injection

BEVACIZUMAB (AVASTIN) ANTI-VEGF INTRAVITREAL INJECTION

WHAT THIS TREATMENT IS

Bevacizumab (Avastin) is an anti-VEGF medication used inside the eye to treat diseases that cause abnormal blood vessel growth and leakage in the retina. VEGF means vascular endothelial growth factor, a substance that promotes new blood vessel formation. In certain eye diseases, too much VEGF leads to fragile, leaking vessels that damage vision. Bevacizumab helps block this process and reduces swelling and bleeding inside the eye.

Although originally developed for cancer treatment, bevacizumab is widely used worldwide as an evidence-based, off-label intravitreal therapy for several retinal conditions, supported by large clinical trials and peer-reviewed studies.

CONDITIONS IT IS USED FOR

Bevacizumab intravitreal injections are commonly used for:

1. Wet age-related macular degeneration

2. Diabetic macular edema

3. Retinal vein occlusion with macular edema

4. Myopic choroidal neovascularization

5. Other retinal diseases with abnormal vessel growth or leakage as determined by your ophthalmologist

HOW THE PROCEDURE IS DONE

The medication is delivered by a very small injection into the vitreous cavity of the eye.

Typical steps include:

1. The eye is examined and prepared in a sterile manner.

2. Anesthetic drops are applied to reduce discomfort.

3. The surface of the eye is cleaned with antiseptic.

4. The medication is injected using a fine needle.

5. Eye pressure and vision are checked after the procedure.

The procedure is done in a clinical setting and usually takes only a few minutes. Most patients report only mild pressure or minimal discomfort.

EXPECTED BENEFITS

The goal of treatment is to stabilize vision and, in many cases, improve it. Benefits may include:

1. Reduced retinal swelling

2. Decreased leakage and bleeding

3. Slowing or stopping disease progression

4. Possible improvement in visual clarity

Multiple injections are often needed over time. Treatment schedules vary depending on the condition and response.

POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS AND RISKS

Most injections are completed without serious complications, but risks can occur. These include:

1. Temporary eye redness or irritation

2. Mild pain or foreign body sensation

3. Small surface hemorrhage on the white of the eye

4. Temporary rise in eye pressure

Rare but serious risks include infection inside the eye, retinal detachment, cataract, or severe inflammation, which can threaten vision and require urgent treatment. Systemic side effects are uncommon but may include vascular events in high-risk patients.

WHO SHOULD NOT RECEIVE THIS TREATMENT

This injection may not be advised for patients with:

1. Active eye infection or severe eye inflammation

2. Known allergy to bevacizumab or its components

3. Certain high-risk systemic medical conditions, as assessed by the physician

IMPORTANT NOTES FOR PATIENTS

Bevacizumab intravitreal injection is a widely used, evidence-supported retinal treatment. Early treatment and regular follow-up improve outcomes. Prompt reporting of pain, worsening vision, increasing redness, or light sensitivity after injection is essential. Your ophthalmologist will individualize the treatment plan based on your diagnosis and response.